CATHOLIC REACTION TO THE MASSACRE 'THEY SHALL REJOICE OVER THEM AND SHALL MAKE MERRY AND SEND GIFTS ONE TO ANTOHER' |
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From Wikipedia:
The
Politiques were horrified but many Catholics inside and outside France
regarded the massacres, at least initially, as deliverance from an
imminent Huguenot coup d'etat. The severed head of Coligny was
apparently dispatched to Pope Gregory XIII, though it got no further
than Lyons, and Pope Gregory XIII sent the king a Golden Rose. The Pope
ordered a Te Deum to be sung as a special thanksgiving (a practice
continued for many years after) and had a medal struck with the motto
Ugonottorum strages 1572
(Latin for "slaughter of the Huguenots") showing an angel bearing a
cross and sword next to slaughtered Protestants.
Pope
Gregory XIII also commissioned the artist Giorgio Vasari to paint three
frescos in the Sala Regia depicting the wounding of Coligny, his death,
and Charles IX before Parliament, matching ones on the defeat of the
Turks at the Battle of Lepanto (1571). "The massacre was interpreted as
an act of divine retribution; Coligny was considered a threat to
Christendom and thus Pope Gregory XIII designated 11 September 1572 as a
joint commemoration of the Battle of Lepanto and the massacre of the
Huguenots." On hearing of the slaughter, Philip II of Spain “laughed for the only time on record”. In Paris, the poet Jean-Antoine de Baïf, founder of the Academie de Musique et de Poésie, wrote a sonnet extravagantly praising the killings. On the other hand, the Holy Roman Emperor, Maximilian II, King Charles's father-in-law, was sickened, describing the massacre as "shameful". Moderate French Catholics also began to wonder whether religious uniformity was worth the price of such bloodshed and they began to swell the ranks of a movement, the Politiques, which placed national unity above sectarian interests.
Comments by Unknown Authors
Papal Reaction
THE MASS MURDER RECEIVES OFFICIAL CHURCH BLESSING
Upon hearing of the bloodshed in
Paris, Pope Gregory XIII celebrated by declaring a jubilee day of public
thanksgiving. Guns were fired in salute and the Pope ordered the
striking of a commemorative medallion. Subsequently, Gregory XIII
also commissioned a mural by Giorgio Vasari to hang in the Vatican
depicting the wondrous St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre.
Various scholars have depicted the Pope's reaction as follows:
"The news of the bloody deed was received with unbounded joy by the
pope at the Vatican. The Cardinal of Lorraine presented the
messenger who brought the news to Rome with a thousand pieces of gold
and exclaimed that the King's heart had been filled with a sudden
inspiration from God when he ordered the massacre."
"The
pope and his Cardinals proceeded at once to the High Altar, after the
dispatches from Paris had been read in Conclave, to offer thanks for
'the great blessing which Heaven vouchsafed to the Roman See and to all
Christendom.
Salvoes of artillery thundered at nightfall from the ramparts of St.
Angelo; the streets were illuminated; and no victory ever achieved by
the arms of the Pontificate elicited more tokens of festivity. The pope
also, as if resolved that an indestructible evidence of the perversion
of moral feeling which Fanaticism necessarily generates should be
transmitted to posterity, gave orders for the execution of a
commemorative Medal."
"Through the streets of the Eternal City
swept, in the full blaze of Pontifical pomp, Gregory and his attendant
train of cardinals, bishops and monks, to the Church of St. Mark, there
to offer up prayers and thanksgivings to the God of heaven for His great
blessing to the See of Rome and the Roman Catholic Church.
Over the portico of the church was hung a cloth of purple, on which was
a Latin inscription most elegantly embroidered in letters of gold, in
which it was distinctly stated that the massacre had occurred after
'counsels had been given.' On the following day the Pontiff went in
procession to the Church of Minerva, where, after mass, a jubilee was
published to all Christendom, 'that they might thank God
for the slaughter of the enemies of the Church, lately executed in
France.' A third time did the pope go in procession, with
his cardinals and all the foreign ambassadors then resident at his
court, and after mass in the Church of St. Louis, he accepted homage
from the Cardinal of Lorraine, and thanks in the name of the King of
France, for the counsel and help he had given him by his prayers, of
which he had found the most wonderful effects."
Pope Gregory was jubilant when news of the massacre reached the
Vatican!!
When
news of the Massacre reached the Vatican, there was jubilation! Cannons
roared—bells rung—and
a special commemorative medal was struck—to
honor the occasion! The Pope commissioned Italian artist
Vasari to paint a mural of the massacre—which
still hangs in the Vatican!!
The
slaughter of over 100,000 unarmed French Protestants (Huguenots) within
three weeks in 1572. Two years earlier the Huguenots were granted
freedom of worship within certain localities in France. The slaughter
began in Paris, where leaders of the Huguenots were gathered in support
of the king of France against a likely war with Spain. The king’s
mother, Catherine de Medici, was related to the Papal Nuncio
(ambassador) to France. She asked him to tell the Pope that “he would
soon see the vengeance that she and the king would visit” on the
Huguenots. She convinced the king to kill the assembled Protestant
leaders. The royal troops then began a slaughter which spread to the
outlying towns of France. Upon hearing of the massacre, Pope Gregory
XIII ordered a special jubilee in celebration. He commissioned that a
medal be struck showing an exterminating angel smiting the Huguenots
with his sword. |